CORE JAVA

1. Introduction to Java
Java Basics: Java is a high-level, object-oriented programming language.
Java Development Kit (JDK): Tools needed to write Java programs, including the Java Runtime Environment (JRE) and Java compiler.
Java Runtime Environment (JRE): Provides libraries, Java Virtual Machine (JVM), and other components to run applications written in Java.
Java Virtual Machine (JVM): Executes Java bytecode and provides platform independence.
2. Basic Syntax
Hello World: Understanding the basic structure of a Java program.
Variables: Declaring and initializing variables.
Data Types: Primitive data types (int, char, float, etc.) and reference data types (arrays, strings, objects).
3. Control Statements
Conditional Statements: if, else if, else, switch.
Loops: for, while, do-while.
Break and Continue: Control the flow of loops.
4. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Concepts
Classes and Objects: Blueprint for creating objects.
Methods: Functions defined in a class.
Constructors: Special methods to initialize objects.
Inheritance: Mechanism for a new class to inherit properties and methods from an existing class.
Polymorphism: Ability of an object to take many forms. Achieved through method overloading and overriding.
Abstraction: Hiding complex implementation details and showing only essential features.
Encapsulation: Wrapping data and code into a single unit, using access modifiers like private, protected, and public.
5. Packages and Interfaces
Packages: Organizing classes into namespaces.
Interfaces: Abstract types used to specify a behavior that classes must implement.
6. Exception Handling
Try-Catch Block: Handling exceptions using try, catch, finally.
Throw and Throws: Throwing exceptions manually and declaring them.
7. Collections Framework
List: ArrayList, LinkedList.
Set: HashSet, LinkedHashSet, TreeSet.
Map: HashMap, LinkedHashMap, TreeMap.
Queue: PriorityQueue, LinkedList.
8. Input and Output (I/O)
Streams: Byte streams and character streams.
File Handling: Reading from and writing to files.
Serialization: Converting objects into byte streams and vice versa.
9. Multithreading
Thread Class: Creating threads by extending Thread class.
Runnable Interface: Creating threads by implementing Runnable interface.
Synchronization: Ensuring that threads do not interfere with each other.
10. Java 8 Features
Lambda Expressions: Writing anonymous methods.
Streams API: Processing sequences of elements.
Functional Interfaces: Interfaces with a single abstract method.
Default Methods: Adding new methods to interfaces without breaking existing implementations.
Optional Class: Handling null values.
11. Advanced Concepts
Generics: Parameterized types to ensure type safety.
Annotations: Metadata for classes, methods, variables.
Java Reflection: Inspecting classes, methods, and fields at runtime.
JDBC: Java Database Connectivity for interacting with databases.
12. Best Practices
Code Conventions: Follow standard coding conventions for readability and maintainability.
Error Handling: Properly handle exceptions and errors.
Code Documentation: Use comments and JavaDoc for documentation.